Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. [Asteraceae] rhizome-derived exosome-like nanoparticles suppress lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in murine microglial cells
【Abstract】
Background: Exosome-like nanoparticles (ELNs) mediate interspecies intercellular communications and modulate gene expression.
Hypothesis/Purpose: In this study, we isolated and purified ELNs from the dried rhizome of Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. [Asteraceae] (ALR-ELNs), a traditional natural medicine, and investigated their potential as neuroinflammatory therapeutic agents.
Methods: ALR-ELN samples were isolated and purified using differential centrifugation, and their physical features and microRNA contents were analyzed through transmission electron microscopy and RNA sequencing, respectively. BV-2 microglial murine cells and primary mouse microglial cells were cultured in vitro, and their ability to uptake ALR-ELNs was explored using fluorescence microscopy. The capacity of ALR-ELNs to modulate the anti-inflammatory responses of these cells to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure was assessed through mRNA and protein expression analyses.
Results: Overall, BV-2 cells were found to internalize ALR-ELNs, which comprised three microRNAs (ath-miR166f, ath-miR162a-5p, and ath-miR162b-5p) that could have anti-inflammatory activity. Pretreatment of BV-2 cells with ALR-ELN prevented the pro-inflammatory effects of LPS stimulation by significantly reducing the levels of nitric oxide, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α. Notably, the mRNA levels of Il1b, Il6, iNos, ccl2, and cxcl10 in BV-2 cells, which increased upon LPS exposure, were significantly reduced following ALR-ELN treatment. Moreover, the mRNA levels of heme oxygenase 1, Irf7, ccl12, and Irg1 also increased significantly following ALR-ELN treatment. In addition, pretreatment of primary mouse microglial cells with ALR-ELN prevented the pro-inflammatory effects of LPS stimulation by significantly reducing the levels of nitric oxide.
Conclusion: Our findings indicate that ALR-ELNs exhibit anti-inflammatory effects on murine microglial cells. Further validation may prove ALR-ELNs as a promising neuroinflammatory therapeutic agent.
【Author】
Kawada, Kei, Ishida, Tomoaki, Morisawa, Shumpei, Jobu, Kohei, Higashi, Youichirou, Aizawa, Fuka, Yagi, Kenta, Izawa-Ishizawa, Yuki, Niimura, Takahiro, Abe, Shinji, Goda, Mitsuhiro, Miyamura, Mitsuhiko, Ishizawa, Keisuke
【Journal】
Frontiers in Pharmacology(IF：3.8) Time：2024-04-26
